require expertise in the specific field of research they are working
in, advanced training such as a Master's or Ph.D. degree in a
related field is a great asset.
Non-Research Roles
Aside from research and development, biotechnology companies perform
many of the same operations as other companies. Corporate
executives,
for example, generally have business or management degrees. The
central role of funding and financial management in biotechnology
establishes
a demand for individuals with proven financial expertise. Likewise,
middle managers and human resources experts are needed for their
specialized
abilities.
Because of the importance of intellectual property protection
in
biotechnology,
lawyers are needed to write and defend patents and assist in the
collection and evaluation of competitive intelligence. Marketing and
sales experts are needed to study and develop markets and ultimately
enable
the delivery of products to consumers. Furthermore, the potential
for substantial financial returns has attracted great interest for
biotechnology in public markets, creating a demand for analysts,
venture capitalists, and investment bankers with an understanding of
biotechnology-related financial
issues.
There is a strong need for specialists who can help with development
and manufacturing processes. Engineers
with skills in water
purification, brewery design and operation, product packaging, and
electrical and software
design can all find roles in biotechnology production.
Bioinformatics research likewise requires individuals with proven
computer programming expertise who can apply their abilities to
biotechnology problems. There is also a strong need for branding and
communications professionals. The significant negative impact of
patent expirations on sales represents a great opportunity for
individuals who can successfully develop strong brand positions
for pioneers to help them sustain sales post-expiration. The
volatile nature of R&D and funding also necessitates carefully
crafted communications
with a diverse audience (see Public Relations in Chapter 13).
While a majority of individuals involved in research and development
have advanced degrees in the sciences, there are numerous other
opportunities
for individuals without scientific degrees. The career path of Kevin
Sharer, for example, took him from being chief engineer on a nuclear
submarine
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